Thyroid disorders are usually caused by the dysfunction of the thyroid gland. Known to be a butterfly-shaped endocrine gland in the front part of the neck, the thyroid gland is chiefly associated with the production of hormones that play a principal role in the metabolism of the body. Besides metabolism, thyroid hormones are also vital for regulating the body energy, the body’s use of other hormones and vitamins, and the growth and maturation of body tissues.
Thyroid gland is involved in the production of hormones like Thyroxine (T4), Triidothyroxine (T3) using iodine from the food resources. It also produces Calcitonin which is significant in the calcium metabolism of the body. Thyroid is regulated by Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) produced by pituitary gland in the body.
Reason for thyroid disease: Revealed
Any kind of deviation from the normal functioning of the thyroid gland can lead to a dysfunction or a thyroid disease. Generally the disease is manifested in terms of Hyperthyroidism (over production of thyroxine) or Hypothyroidism (under production of thyroxine).
One of the primary reasons that cause Hyperthyroidism is Graves disease during which, antibodies are produced by the immune system of the body. These antibodies lead to an excessive secretion of hormones, thus, causing Hyperthyroidism. Overgrowth of certain nodules in thyroid can also lead to over production of the hormone.
Another reason for hyperthyroidism is Thyroiditis, i.e. inflammation of thyroid gland. Hyperthyroidism leads to various ailments which are apparent as abnormalities in metabolism, loss of weight, palpitation, nervousness, anxiety and muscle weakness.
When the thyroid gland does not produce sufficient hormone, Hypothyroidism is caused. Various causes have been linked to hypothyroidism such as exposure of the body to radiations, surgical removal of thyroid gland, certain bacterial or viral infections, pituitary gland malfunction and, rare congenital defect. Hypothyroidism leads to several problems such as difficulty in concentrating, itchy skin, weight gain, thinning of hair, infertility, miscarriage and frequent periods with increased menstrual flow.
Iodine is a very vital mineral which is responsible for normal functioning of thyroid. Deficiency of iodine in diet can also cause impaired synthesis of the thyroid hormone or cause enlarged thyroid gland.
Moreover, copper and zinc are also indispensible for the smooth functioning of the thyroid. Copper is responsible for metabolism of thyroid hormones and zinc is responsible for prevention of thyroid related disorders.
Other potential reasons for thyroid disease are stress, genetics factors and changes which the body undergoes during pregnancy and menopause. However these factors are specific to females.
In case any of the above mentioned ailments are experienced, one should immediately seek medical counsel. Diagnosis is confirmed by performing laboratory tests which measure the amount of thyroid hormones in the blood.